Global Entrepreneurship: Environment and Strategy, 3rd ed.

The third edition of Global Entrepreneurship: Environment and Strategy—a Choice Outstanding Academic Title—offers an enhanced exploration of the global contexts in which entrepreneurs operate. Nir Kshetri examines how economic, political, cultural, geographical, and technological environments shape entrepreneurial opportunities and value creation worldwide. Grounded in theory, the book presents key concepts, indicators, and frameworks for understanding regional differences in entrepreneurial ecosystems and finance. It analyzes entrepreneurship patterns across diverse economies through the lenses of economic systems, governance, culture, religion, and geography. New to this edition are end-of-chapter case studies, many of which highlight how artificial intelligence is transforming entrepreneurship across the globe.

Fourth revolution and the bottom four billion: Making technologies work for the poor

.Products and services based on advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and blockchain are often seen as serving affluent consumers in developed countries. Fourth Revolution and the Bottom Four Billion shows that marginalized and vulnerable groups can also benefit, as falling costs and easier deployment make these technologies increasingly accessible. Nir Kshetri illustrates how emerging technologies are transforming sectors such as healthcare, agriculture, finance, banking, and insurance, and examines their impact on low-income populations in low- and middle-income countries. The book highlights regulatory gaps and barriers—including limited data, low-resource languages, weak technology infrastructure, insufficient computing power, and skill shortages—that hinder adoption among marginalized groups, and emphasizes the responsibility of governments, NGOs, development organizations, academia, and the private sector to ensure equitable access to these innovations.

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